Proper working fire hydrants are a critical aspect of fire protection for any structure. Fire hydrants are used to make available the water supply that is required by the fire fighters in fighting fires and preventing losses. For a property owner or manager, it is important to know the truth about public city hydrants and private hydrants that may be present in your property.
This involves understanding of the city and private hydrants and the testing, inspection and maintenance procedures on private hydrants. This knowledge is important as it enables one to make sure that his or her properties are as ready as they can be in case of a fire emergency.
Distinguishing Between City and Private Hydrants
There are two main types of fire hydrants – city hydrants and private hydrants. It is important to understand the key differences.
City Hydrants
City hydrants are located on public property and roads throughout the municipality. They are owned, installed and maintained by the city or town to provide easy access to water for the fire department in emergencies. Since they are strategically located on public land and streets, city hydrants will be the most common type of hydrant seen. The local government handles all maintenance and repairs.
Private Hydrants
Private hydrants are located on privately owned property. They are owned and maintained by the property owner, manager or homeowners association. Private hydrants become necessary when a building or property is positioned too far away from the nearest public city hydrant for firefighters to access it quickly during an emergency. In these cases, private hydrants are installed to provide the needed water supply for fire protection. The property owner or manager is responsible for inspections, testing and repairs.
Overview of Inspection, Testing and Maintenance for Private Hydrants
There are important inspection, testing and maintenance requirements for private fire hydrants, as outlined in the NFPA 25 standard. Maintaining private hydrants properly is imperative for operational effectiveness in an emergency.
Inspections
- Annual inspections are needed, as well as after any use. This checks for damage or issues.
- Above ground pipes and connections must be inspected yearly.
- For underground piping, inspections should adhere to the testing procedures in NFPA 25.
Testing
- Annual flow testing is required by fully opening the hydrant and flushing it to clear any debris.
- Wall and dry barrel type hydrants require checking proper drainage after use, within 60 minutes.
- Underground and exposed piping needs flow testing at least every 5 years.
Maintenance
- Keeping hydrants clear of obstructions like snow, ice and overgrown landscaping is critical for access.
- Protecting against mechanical damage from vehicles or equipment is needed.
- Annual lubrication of stems, caps and threads ensures proper functioning.
The Importance of Proper Private Hydrant Maintenance
Neglecting private fire hydrant inspection, testing and maintenance can have severe consequences. Malfunctioning hydrants unable to provide adequate water supply can affect the ability to fight fires and increase property damage and losses. Lives may be endangered without sufficient water access in an emergency. The NFPA also points out that insurance rates are impacted by proper inspection records.
By understanding the difference between city and private hydrants, and following private hydrant maintenance requirements, property owners and managers can maximize fire preparedness. Proper hydrant functionality is too important to neglect. Being proactive reduces the risks to people and property in fire emergencies.
Conclusion
City hydrants and private hydrants on properties are different in their purpose of delivering water supply for firefighting. City hydrants are usually maintained by the municipalities while the private hydrants are the responsibilities of the owners and managers of the properties. It is essential to understand the inspection, testing and maintenance requirements of private hydrants as indicated in NFPA 25 so as to make necessary preparations.
Working private hydrants with sufficient water supply and availability are essential fire protection elements that should be incorporated into fire protection strategies. It is in the best interest of property owners and managers to be aware of these topics in order to have their occupants, visitors and buildings as secure as possible.